What we actually find on Indianapolis roofs
In the pre-war neighborhoods, the decking is the story. Irvington, Fountain Square, Bates-Hendricks, Herron-Morton, Broad Ripple and Meridian-Kessler are largely sheathed in one-by planking with gaps between the boards rather than in continuous sheathing. Gaps mean fasteners that land in air, which is why a roof that looks fine can start shedding tabs along one course. Some boards are sound at ninety years old and some crumble when a nail gun hits them, and the only way to know the mix is to have the old covering off. We say so in the proposal, in writing, with the price for board replacement agreed before it is ever needed.
The other pre-war signature is two roofs on one house. A steep 10/12 or 12/12 main roof runs down to a nearly flat porch or rear addition, and those are not the same roofing system. Shingles are not rated for the low-slope section and never were. When a bid covers the whole house at one per-square price, the low-slope portion is usually the part that leaks first and the part that was quietly ignored.
Move out to the mid-century townships and the problem inverts. Warren, Lawrence, Perry, Wayne and Pike are full of shallow 4/12 to 6/12 hips built with almost no intake ventilation, then insulated decades later in a way that packed the soffit bays solid. A ridge vent gets added on the next replacement, has nothing to draw from, and the attic keeps running hot. Shingles on those roofs age from underneath, which looks like premature wear and gets blamed on the shingle.
Several near-downtown neighborhoods sit inside locally designated historic districts, where exterior work can fall under review by the Indianapolis Historic Preservation Commission. Whether that touches roofing at all depends on the district and the property. We check your address before material is ordered and tell you what we find, because discovering it after a delivery is an expensive way to learn it.
Last, the thing that gets left off Indianapolis bids more than anything else: the alley garage. Detached garages, carriage houses and workshops across the older neighborhoods are on their original covering, they are the first structure to leak, and they are almost never measured. We measure them and price them as a separate line so it is your decision, not an omission.